fall armyworm control in maize pdf

PDF Maize Infestation of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ... Modelling the Control of the Impact of Fall Armyworm ... PDF Control of fall armyworm in maize in India chemicals@nt.gov.au. CONCLUSION: The study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the control of fall armyworm under the push-pull and maize legume intercropping. PDF FALL ARMYWORM (FAW) - growasia PDF Fall Armyworm: Life cycle and damage to Maize - CABI.org Florida Entomologist 90: 759-761. control of the FAW. This could facilitate future investigation into the 51 molecular mechanisms in this globally important crop-pest interaction system. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) native to Americas is considered as one of the important invasive polyphagous pests. The Fall armyworm lifecycle includes egg, 6 growth stages of caterpillar development (instars), pupa and moth. Late planted fields and later maturing hybrids are more likely to become infested. Fall Armyworm: Life cycle and damage to Maize The caterpillar will then burrow 2-8 cm into the soil before . Control of fall armyworm in maize in India Dr. Satya Narayan Abstract Maize is the world's third most widely grown crop, after wheat and rice, and is known as the "Queen of Cereals" due to its great production. PDF Control of fall armyworm - dpir.nt.gov.au Apply by boom spray with ground or aerial application. Its main impact is on maize crops, which it attacks: it affects the . Practical management of fall armyworm . Fall armyworm (FAW) Fall armyworm (FAW) [Scientific name: Spodoptera frugiperda] is an insect pest with moth as the adult stage and larvae (caterpillars) as the destructive stage. Armyworm.docx - EFFECT OF FOOD QUANTITY AND LARVAE ... 5.1 Cultural. Fall Armyworm Life Cycle - YouTube Zimbabwe enacts new strategy in fall armyworm fight - CIMMYT Introduction . FAO Statement on Fall Armyworm in Sri Lanka. . It is found in several countries such as Brazil, Argentina and USA causing economic losses in a variety of crops such as maize, soybean , cotton and beans. . Data accessed 4 May 2020. Transcriptomic Responses of Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera ... USAID Feed-the­ Future and CIMMYT have jointly released "Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Smith) is a serious pest of maize. Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. The fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) is among the . A fall armyworm feasts on a cocoa pod in Ghana. ONLY PRODUCTS REGISTERED FOR CONTROL A study in the funnel of maize during the day and at night it emerges to consume the leaves (Day, 2017). Maize 0.65% Mexico Ordo´nez-Garcı´a et al. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a major pest of maize in North and South America. Africa during the 2017-2018 maize production season (CABI 2017). This irritation can be constrained by Since then, it has become a very destructive invasive pest in sub-Saharan Africa. Take immediate action if the Fall armyworm is present in your garden. Fall armyworm's hunger for maize not only causes significant losses to farmers, but also poses a serious threat to food security. Gross Jr, H.R. Fall armyworm invasion spreads to Ghana. How to control armyworm in maize. However, the exact mechanisms involved in FAW management have not been practically elucidated. FAO. FAO, Rome, Italy 2017, 7. Briefing Note on FAO Actions on Fall Armyworm in Africa 31 January 2018. Spodoptera frugiperda caused maize losses between 8 and 21 million tons per year in 12 African countries, valued up to US$6.1 billion, and affected over 300 million people in Africa (Midega et al. production and 89% of the respondent had agreed that fall armyworm causes the economic . Smith) is a lepidopteran pest native to tropical and subtropical America that attacks over 80 different crop species, but with a preference for graminaceous crops, and maize in particular (Sparks, 1979).In early 2016, the presence of the pest was reported in Central and Western Africa (Goergen and Tam, 2016), and later in most of . Maize is the pest's most preferred host but can also attack crop plants . Biology and distribution of fall armyworm in Ethiopia 1.1.1. 1.1. In: FAO Advisory Note on Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa, 5 June 2017. This presentation is based on the practical experiences of the staff of the Black . As mentioned, Fall Armyworm Larvae hide deep in Maize funnel during the day and are active at night, it is important for growers to combine ESCORT 1.9 EC with specific adjuvants like INTEGRA that help in Wetting, Spreading, Penetrating and Sticking of spray solutions to leaf surfaces and onto difficulty to reach areas of foliage. Since then, it has spread to different states of India on 3 It is regarded as a pest and can damage and destroy a wide variety of crops, which causes large economic damage. Cultural control is an important component of pest management strategies including FAW. Integrated management of the Fall Armyworm on maize A guide for Farmer Field Schools in Africa Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2018 . Efficacy of maize, Zea mays L., hybrids and cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.), varieties expressing Cry1F insecticidal crystal protein of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) var. Data accessed 4 May 2020. . The plan outlines other major maize pests in addition to FAW, current management strategies, and critical pest management needs, as informed by farmer and extension worker focus groups. hectares of fifteen-day-old maize crop showing symptoms of the presence of fall armyworm on the leaves (scratched leaves) was chosen. The arrival of fall armyworm (FAW) in Africa could cause large losses in maize production and affect food security. Record the number of affected maize plants from each spot 5. 52 53 Key words: Fall armyworm, Zea mays, insect oral secretion, plant-insect interactions, 54 evolutionary arms race available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a lepidopteran pest that feeds in large numbers on leaves and stems of more than 80 plant species. Synthetic chemicals are still the most . The fall armyworm has since caused significant damage on over 280,000 hectares of maize in Africa since 2015. See CABI's Fall Armyworm Portal for further information. • Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa has the potential to cause maize yield losses in a range from 8.3 to 20.6m tonnes per annum, in the absence of any control methods, in just 12 of Africa's maize-producing countries. This represents a range of 21%-53% of the annual averaged production of maize over a three year period in these countries. fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith, control in maize in many African countries. Biology The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. It significantly damages maize, though over 350 host species have been reported. We investigated the patterns of fall armyworm leaf damage in maize crops in Ghana, and used pitfall traps and dummy caterpillars to assess the spatial distribution of potential fall . Control of natural and artificial fall armyworm infestations . Florida Entomologist . Parasitoids of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from a traditional maize crop in nematodes have been shown to be agents with high potential for the the Mexican state of Yucatán. 1.Introduction. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), a highly destructive and fast spreading agricultural pest native to North and South America, poses a real threat to global food security. These losses hit smallholder maize farmers most directly, as the majority on . armyworm in afgoi district. The movement of FAW is being monitored with movement into more southerly areas expected during warmer months through spring, summer . Integrated Pest Management programmes will be required to ensure continued high maize productivity, as well as manage the risk for resistance development against Bt-technologies in South Africa. About 20-25 maize plants having fall armyworm eggs on the leaves, chosen at random in the area were marked with a red ribbon. 5.1 Cultural. Management Options for fall armyworm . Fall armyworm control in maize in kenya. (Nagoshi & Meagher, 2018). 3 For information on fall armyworm: Department of Primary Industry and Resources Entomology Fall armyworm, management, 2020, Spodoptera frugiperda . To prevent crop from being harmed by FAW, various control strategies are used, including synthetic pesticides. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a transitory bug of maize crop in Asia and different nations. Detecting fall armyworm infestations before they cause economic damage is the key to their management (Ferreira, 2015 . Support If you suspect your property has fall armyworm call the Exotic Plant Pest Hotline on 1800 084 881. Preliminary analysis of the model in the vegetative and reproductive stages revealed that the two systems had a unique and positively bounded solution for all time . 1986. • Outbreaks of Fall Armyworm have been reported in several countries in Africa • Around 330,000 hectares of staple crops, especially maize, have been affected • The remaining African countries remain at high risk. See CABI's Fall Armyworm Portal for further information. Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management . Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was reported for the first time causing severe damage on maize in Karnataka, India, during May 2018. Take home message . The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of transgenic (Bt) and conventional (non-Bt) hybrids in the control of fall armyworm, treated or . Ghana has confirmed that farms across the country have been affected by the invasion of fall armyworms, a pest that is causing huge damage to crops across the continent and threatening food security. Its success on its preferred host plant, maize (Zea mays), is supported by numerous specialized detoxification mechanisms that suppress the defense responses of maize. Smith), a polyphagous insect-pest, reported from over 50 countries across Africa and Asia in just about two years. Sole maize cropping systems offer favorable environment to FAW to spread fast. In Zambia, maize is the main staple food and its production is not only for s- dome tic consumption but also for foreign markets as well. For advice on pesticide use: Department of Primary Industry and Resources Phone: 08 8999 2344 . sects like the Fall Armyworm, which is considered a severe maize pest in Amer-ica (Tavares et al., 2010 [5] [6], Dalvi et al., 2011 [7], Silva et al. It is generally feed on leaves at larval stage. of the Fall Armyworm on maize A guide for Farmer Field Schools in Africa C M Y CM MY CY CMY K. Integrated management . plant resistance, biological control, cultural control, and environmentally safer synthetic and bio-pesticides ro protect the crops from economic injury while minimizing negative impacts on people, animals, and the environment. Background: Maize plants expressing insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis are valuable options for managing fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, in Brazil. Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Detecting fall armyworm infestations before they cause economic damage is the key to their management (Ferreira, 2015 . The tractor sprayed Btt . In this study, we used a resistant Chinese maize cultivar, Xi502, which showed slower growth and lower yield-related phenotypes compare with . and maize trade with regions where the pest has not beenreported. The plan outlines current management practices for major maize pests including FAW, and critical pest management needs, as informed by farmer and extension worker focus . Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, arrived on mainland Australia in February 2020. Smith); FAW] invasion has exacerbated maize (Zea mays L.) crop yield losses in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), already threatened by other stresses, especially those that are climate-change induced.The FAW is difficult to control, manage, or eradicate, because it is polyphagous and trans-boundary, multiplies fast, has a short life cycle and migrates easily . The Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda • Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a lepidopteran pest which originated from the Americas; • It has a wide host range (>80 plant species) but with major preference for maize • Its lifecycle lasts 1-2 months (depending on weather) • Female can lay up to 1000 eggs 2018). Currently the main control option in response to FAW outbreaks. 5. In Kenya, the pest was first observed in March 2017 on off-season, irrigated maize crops. Since 2016, the invasive fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, has been one of the most rapidly spreading and highly devastating maize pests across Africa and Asia.Although several studies have estimated the effect of FAW on maize yield, little is known about its impact on broader welfare outcomes. Abstract. Fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. History of emerging fall armyworm Native to the America, the fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith); was first reported to be present in Africa in 2016 (Goergen et al., 2016). Old and new classes of insecticides are available and used in Africa. Smith) is a lepidopteran pest native to tropical and subtropical America that attacks over 80 different crop species, but with a preference for graminaceous crops, and maize in particular (Sparks, 1979).In early 2016, the presence of the pest was reported in Central and Western Africa (Goergen and Tam, 2016), and later in most of . Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infesting maize in South Sumatra, Indonesia Siti Herlinda1,2,3*, Mimma Gustianingtyas3, Suwandi Suwandi1,2,3, Radix Suharjo4, Jelly Milinia Puspita Sari3 and Ragil Putri Lestari1 Abstract Background: The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a new invasive pest in A non-sprayed field was established to be used as "control". Introduction. 12. In India, farmers are currently dealing with a significant problem Many of the natural enemies of Helicoverpa also attack fall armyworm, and over time may impact FAW populations. First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive pest in West and Central Africa. The invaders are capable of crop destruction that can lower yields by more than 50%, drastically impacting farmer's livelihoods. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a new invasive species in India. Alert your neighbours and follow appropriate control measures as described in the next section of this document or consult your Agriculture Officer 6. The Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has been noticed for the first time in South Africa this year. 2015 [8]). Pair. However, its indiscriminate use usually leads to a more complex scenario characterized by loss of its effectiveness due to the development of resistance of the insect pest, emergence of secondary pests, and reduction of the populations of natural enemies. that the fall armyworm is the major insect pest of maize in Brazil (Sena et al. 2003), causing annual losses of US $400 million (Figueiredo et al. In: Briefing Note on FAO Actions on Fall Armyworm in Africa 31 January 2018. Metarhizium rileyi is a fungal entomopathogen which has been considered for control of many armyworm, the fall armyworm, which is dispersed by the wind, burrows inside maize stems and cobs, making it difficult to detect and can lay up to six generations of up to 50 eggs in one location leading to rapid destruction. 4. The invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. This diagram illustrates the lifecycle, showing where the Fall armyworm is usually found on maize plants at any given stage. A.3.4iological control of the Fall Armyworm B . aizawai Berliner (transformation event TC1507 in corn and event DAS-24236-5 in cotton) was evaluated for control of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Graham Boulton, Black Earth Agronomy . The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a devastating invasive insect herbivore. Here, the optimum number of synthetic insecticide and biopesticide applications needed to eectively manage FAW at a minimal cost in maize was studied. This represents a range of 21%-53% of the annual production of maize averaged over a three year period in these countries. 1. Fall armyworm cannibalism, primarily endemic to the United States, has posed a severe threat to maize cultivation globally in recent decades. Smith), is a moth in the noctuid family indigenous to the Western Hemisphere where it has long been a major agricultural problem for both con-tinents (North and South America) (Nagoshi, Meagher, & Hay-Roe, 2012). ENTFACT-110: Fall Armyworm in Corn | Download PDF. Insecticides The list of active ingredients registered for control is listed in Table 1. 5. Africa. The use of natural enemies such as predators or parasitoids for FAW control is more economically viable and environmentally safer than currently recommended . Thereafter, the pest has spread to most states of India and then spread to other Asian countries, including Thailand, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, and China. Smith). ∙ Control strategies include pesticides, cultural . Being a new invasive, there is . When maize is attacked by the destructive pests it can lead to 100 percent crop loss. In this paper, we propose and analyze a stage-structured mathematical model for modelling the control of the impact of Fall Armyworm infestations on maize production. Farming systems such as push‐pull or maize‐legume intercropping have been reported to reduce FAW infestations significantly. Fall armyworm causes serious leaf feeding . Several genetically modified maize events expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been commercially available in Brazil, intended to control of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In this paper, to explore the dynamics and implications of fall armyworm outbreak in a field of maize biomass, we propose a new dynamical system for maize biomass and fall armyworm interaction via Caputo fractional . A new and promising technology to control the pest in the early stages of the maize plant's development is a seed-coating with the insecticide Fortenza Duo, developed by Syngenta and demonstrated in trials and demonstrations during the 2018/19 season in Zambia. by Ric Bessin, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky College of Agriculture. The questionnaire result shows thatfall armyworm has a negative impact on maize. 2017 One of the main factors compromising the yield of late-season maize is the incidence of insect pests, whose populations have increased every year, reducing crop The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a lepidopteran pest that feeds in large numbers on leaves and stems of more than 80 plant species. (2015) Soil samples from maize and sorghum 0-1% Mexico Lezama-Gutie´rrez et al. PloS one, 11(10), p.e0165632. Key to the control of any pest is an integrated pest management approach. The fall armyworm: status and expectations of biological control with parasitoids and predators. 2 Based on maize production for the year 2018 from FAOSTAT for all ASEAN countries. Fall armyworm was first reportedinAfricain2016(Goergenetal.,2016;Cocketal., 2017);andsincethen,ithasspreadthroughoutSSAand . PDF Displays the content of the article Figures and tables Audio video Supplementary Data The recent invasion of Africa by the fall army, Spodoptera Frugiperda, a corn lepidopteran pest and other crops, increased concerns about food safety per millions Of Small Farmers. 2 Based on maize production for the year 2018 from FAOSTAT for all ASEAN countries. An integrated pest management system must always be kept in mind to combine Chemical control is the main method used to combat fall armyworm in maize crops. Key words . Maintaining clean fields (particularly preventing the establishment of maize volunteers in following crops) is also important. The status and control measures of the fall armyworm are reviewed, which could be useful to improve its management in maize fields in Ethiopia. However, control failures were reported, and therefore insecticides have been used to control this species. FAO. Chemical control alone will not be enough to manage this pest in the long term . 2005) The fall armyworm eggs are usually laid in mass on the upper surface of the leaves and the number of eggs per mass can vary from 100 to 200, with up to 1,000 total eggs production per female. It was first reported from Africa in 2016 and currently established as a major invasive pest of . Zimbabwe established a fall armyworm working group in July this year to bring all stakeholders together and find solutions to manage the impacts of the pest in the country. Review on Effect of American Fall Army Worm and Its Management on Maize as the World By Emamu Shifa Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) : A threat to food security for south Asian country : Control and management options : A review Based on these, we evaluated the use of Bt maize and its integration with insecticides against FAW in southern Brazil. cacy of transgenic mayze insecticide treatment to control fall armyworm in late-season maize in So Paulo state, Brazil 129 Ciência e Agrotecnologia 41(2):128-138, Mar/Apr. Fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda), an exotic moth which recently invaded Africa, is a highly destructive pest of cereals especially maize a highly valued staple crop in Nigeria. 50 between maize and fall armyworm. At the point when populace turns out to be high then its feeds additionally on ears of maize plants. Fall armyworm is a major invasive pest with a voracious appetite; its ability to spread and reproduce quickly is one of the reasons it is such a successful i. the arrival of fall armyworm (FAW) in Africa has the potential to cause maize yield losses in a range from 8.3 to 20.6 milliontonnes per annum, in the absence of any control methods, in just 12 maize-producing countries. Sole maize cropping systems offer favorable environment to FAW to spread fast. Its control has become a priority to scientists across continents. (IPM) for reducing economic, health, and environmental risks and hazards posed by current fall armyworm (FAW) management practices by maize smallholders in Malawi. 1.1. management (IPM) in order to reduce the economic, health, and environmental impacts of fall armyworm (FAW) and FAW management practices on smallholder maize farmers in Kenya. FAO, Rome, Italy 2018, 6. The pests have destroyed more than 1,370 hectares of . Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management 9 Acknowledgements iii This publication on Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management is intended as a . Chemicals (Control of Use) Act 2004. Abstract Despite maize's current high productivity, higher than other major cereal crops, it is still below its potential, mainly due to many biotic and abiotic factors causing yield losses. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J. E. Smith) is an increasingly important pest of maize in sub-Saharan Africa, with reports of yield loss between 12 and 45%. the cryptic and burrowing behaviour of larvae into the maize whorl renders control difficult.11 In addition to that, FAW has The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. • The severity of the impact on regional crop production is yet to be established In West Africa, fall armyworm was reported in 2016 from Benin, Since then, FAW has established populations in northern areas of Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. is intended as a comprehensive, expert-approved, IPM-based technical guide that can be used as an up-to-date decision support tool for sustainable management of the pest, especially in maize-based cropping systems. Fall Armyworm Management - Simple guide for smallholders 44 PART B: FARMER FIELD SCHOOLS FOR FALL ARMYWORM INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT 47 B.1 Key Principles of Integrated Pest Management in Farmer Field Schools 48 B.2 What do trainers and farmers need to know about the Fall Armyworm 51 However, it is not sufficient to rely on one control measure like Bt maize to control the fall armyworm in South Africa. Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is an exotic and one of the most destructive pests causing potential damage to maize in India. maize is not currently registered for the control of fall armyworm in South Africa. Fall armyworm can be one of the more difficult insect pests to control in field corn. This pest is occurring in serious proportions, causing significant damage to the maize crop in several states of India. Bt maize that was genetically modified to control larvae like the fall armyworm is successfully planted in America and in other parts of the world. Cultural control is an important component of pest management strategies including FAW. and S.D. Various active ingredients have been registered for control of the insect on maize. Maize cereals (including maize, popcorn and teosinte) Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) 350 g/kg product: 70-90 g/ha 600 g/L product: 40-55 mL/ha Critical Use Comments: Apply at the first signs of infestation. The incursion of fall armyworm as an invasive pest into Asia was first reported in India on maize crop during May 2018 et al., 2018a) [19]. Insecticides are sprayed regularly for the control of fall armyworm that could lead to the development of resistance. Fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Management Options for fall armyworm . 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